195
Python Performance: Why 'if not list' is 2x Faster Than Using len()
(blog.codingconfessions.com)
this post was submitted on 12 Apr 2025
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I would say it depends heavily on the language. In Python, it's very common that different objects have some kind of Boolean interpretation, so assuming that an object is a bool because it is used in a Boolean context is a bit silly.
Well fair enough but I still like the fact that len makes the aim and the object more transparent on a quick look through the code which is what I am trying to get at. The supporting argument on bools wasn't't very to the point I agree.
That being said is there an application of "not" on other classes which cannot be replaced by some other more transparent operator (I confess I only know the bool and length context)? I would rather have transparently named operators rather than having to remember what "not" does on ten different types. I like duck typing as much as the next person, but when it is so opaque (name-wise) as in the case of "not", I prefer alternatives.
For instance having open or read on different objects which does really read or open some data vs not some object god knows what it does I should memorise each case.
Truthiness is so fundamental, in most languages, all values have a truthiness, whether they are bool or not. Even in C,
int x = value(); if (!x) x_is_not_zero();is valid and idiomatic.I appreciate the point that calling a method gives more context cues and potentially aids readability, but in this case I feel like
notis the python idiom people expect and reads just fine.I don't know, it throws me off but perhaps because I always use len in this context. Is there any generally applicable practical reason why one would prefer "not" over len? Is it just compactness and being pythonic?
It's very convenient not to have to remember a bunch of different means/methods for performing the same conceptual operation. You might call
len(x) == 0on a list, but next time it's a dict. Time after that it's a complex number. The next time it's an instance.notworks in all cases.I feel like that only serves the purpose up to the point that methods are not over reaching otherwise then it turns into remembering what a method does for a bunch of unrelated objects.
lenalso works on a dict.The point stands. If you want to check if a value is "empty," use the check for whether it's "empty." In Python, that's
not. If you care about different types of empty (e.g.Nonevs[]vs{}), then make those checks explicit. That reads a lot better than doing an explicit check where the more common "empty" check would be correct, and it also make it a lot more obvious when you're doing something special.I definitely agree that
lenis the preferred choice for checking the emptiness of an object, for the reasons you mention. I'm just pointing out that assuming a variable is a bool because it's used in a Boolean context is a bit silly, especially in Python or other languages where any object can have a truthiness value, and where this is commonly utilised.It is not "assume" as in a conscious "this is probably a bool I will assume so" but more like a slip of attention by someone who is more used to the bool context of not. Is "not integer" or "not list" really that commonly used that it is even comparable to its usage in bool context?
Then I absolutely understand you :)
How common it is 100 % depends on the code base and what practices are preferred. In Python code bases where I have a word in decisions, all Boolean checks should be
x is Trueorx is Falseifxshould be a Boolean. In that sense, if I readif xorif not x, it's an indicator thatxdoes not need to be a Boolean.In that sense, I could say that my preference is to flip it (in Python): Explicitly indicate/check for a Boolean if you expect/need a Boolean, otherwise use a "truethiness" check.
if not x then … endis very common in Lua for similar purposes, very rarely do you see hard nil comparisons or calls totypeof(last time I did was for a serializer).