Not true, it is true that it is heating at %100 efficiency that is to say %100 of the electrical energy is being transferred into heat (although technically some is being transferred into IR light not necessarily what you want) but your goal is probably not to simply create heat your goal is probably to heat the room or at least yourself and their is plenty of waste heat going off into space somewhere also you can achieve more than %100 heat transfer by compressing the external air's heat we call these heat pumps and they can achieve +400%. The key word is efficiency.
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It’s always wild to me that 100% heating efficiency is actually kinda not great. Also the fact that we can use the heat from air that is colder than what we want in order to generate more heat I mean that’s just witchcraft.
Well, we're not generating heat with heat pumps. We're compressing atoms to make them angrier and pass other atoms by that bunch to even out the angriness. Could also substitute the world jiggy for angry.
🤓 ACKSHUALLY
It's not possible for a heat pump - or anything - to even be 100% efficient, let alone 400%. Efficiency is measure of how much of the input energy gets converted to useful output energy, and since heat pumps don't actually create heat the useful output is the compressor's ability to pump refrigerant about. The Coefficient of Performance - the ratio between energy put in and useful work done - is 400% for a heat pump (give or take).
heat pumps don't actually create heat
🤓 ACKSHUALLY
Heat pumps create a fair bit of heat due to friction and electrical resistance in the compressor.
🤓 AKSHUALLY
Energy is conserved. It is converted from another form of energy, or in this case mostly transported, not created.
Everyone here is talking about heat pumps for being more efficient. pfft

Refrigeration cycle scoffs at your mere 100% efficiency
Nah this thing puts out light and probably vibrates as well, so not even 100%.
Well ultimately it all becomes heat. Maybe a tiny amount escapes a window or something. So we could say 99%.
But heat pumps still reign supreme, at least until it gets super cold.
In the end we are all infinitely falling into the pit of entropy
Refrigeration just moves heat, it does not create it.
It would end up creating some due to inefficiencies, which would contribute to the heat at the end.
Well, heat pumps are significantly more efficient than traditional heaters because they move heat rather than generating it. A heat pump can deliver three to four times more heat energy than the electrical energy it consumes, making them 300-400% efficient.
That is how the power supply of my Laptop look like, playing Cyberpunk 2077 on my laptop.
I was testing the AI image generating capabilities of a M1 MacBook Air 16GB.
It shuts down at 113°C (235°Freedom)

Winter is gaming season.
If you want to make heat, start up a gaming PC. At least the energy will go to doing something before it gets turned to heat.
I legitimately had to buy a heater after I stopped regularly using my desktop because it was what was keeping my room warm.
At that point you might as well run Folding@home on your PC just to act as a heater. It's literally a win-win for you and for society.
archiveteam is another suggestion, though more helpful to historians than health science
I literally did that one winter when I lived in a small studio and I had a particularly fancy salvaged HP workstation. It was great!
(Except I was missing an apparently important fan and most of my RAM went bad, 96G out of 128. Make sure your system cooling works correctly before trying this!)
It's always been on my mind to find something for my computer to idle on. Never heard of "Folding@home". Thank you I'll try it out.
You're welcome! Folding@home is the big one, and the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search is also pretty popular (though IMHO a waste of resources for a relatively useless result). But I just looked into this topic myself after posting that comment, and turns out there's a huge list of such "volunteer computing" projects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_volunteer_computing_projects
So while Folding@home is a great one and medical scientific research, you might pick something else from that list. Perhaps more than one!
Now the confession: I'm a hypocrite. I never ran any of these volunteer computing projects on my own PCs. But that's partly because I tend to shut them off every night, so a lot of the usable time for it isn't really usable. The other part is basically that I never bothered to do it.
But I think after this conversation reminded me of it, I might look into installing it on my PC!
I used to do it for SETI@home (search for extraterrestrial intelligence) and a few other projects. Haven’t in a while now but maybe I will again since my server pc never shuts off anyway.
Back in the day I used boinc or some such to interface, it sort of looked like a torrent page, with progress bars on the tasks and stuff. It was kinda neat having an impact.
Based confession
I don't have a source handy, but someone attempted to heat their apartment with computers and ended up spending something like >$1000 in utilities that month.
Resistive heat is expensive - that's why heat pumps are so good.
In practice, they would have gotten identical results with any electric resistive heater. Fans, oil filled, ceramic, etc. all largely doesn't matter as it is Wh of electricity to Wh of heat.
They must have overshot, then. Computers are 100% efficient space heaters that produce math as a byproduct.
in the uk price per kWh for electricity is over five times cost of natural gas. We all use natural gas boilers to heat water which flows through radiators to warm our rooms. Anybody who heats their house with space heaters is just throwing money away whether it's 100% efficient or not.
You see more heatpumps these days but that's another thing entirely
Heat pumps cap out at about ~~250%~~ 400% efficiency, so you'd still be spending more to run them than to burn natural gas at that ratio.
Heat pumps easily exceed 2.5 COP. More like 4 in the UK climate. And gas isn't 100% efficient either. But yeah it's a wash or can be more expensive to heat with heat pumps where electricity is really expensive. It helps if we all conveniently ignore externalities like pollution and carbon too.
Thanks for the correction, edited. How is gas not 100% efficient, though?
But yeah, heat pumps are definitely more environmentally friendly (unless you're habitually letting the refrigerant out, o guess). The real argument is whether the extra energy is worth it for protein folding (I'd say generally no, but if you don't have a heat pump, might as well).
Burning any fuel isn't 100% efficient, I went out and found a website talking about it that might help
Boo, get heat pump you loser
Turn that entropy up to 11, boi!
Most of the time, we consider heat output to be inefficient. It only works here because heat happens to be its purpose.
You could say it's 0% efficient.
I dunno, I’m seeing some light.
Light is absorbed by materials and ultimately becomes heat.
Doesn't everything ultimately become heat?
You're objectively wrong here.

People say efficient without saying efficient at doing what with what.