Thanks for the answer, sorry for being so slow at replying.
I am using a Google Pixel 3.
I checked the internet and I found some similar stories, but they are somewhat old and contain no fixes :(
https://gitlab.com/LineageOS/issues/android/-/issues/7298
https://gitlab.com/LineageOS/issues/android/-/issues/4657
Also, some of them differ slightly from my problem. I can use usb-tethering and it shows up on my computer as "wired connection 1", but still without internet access.
When I try to ping 8.8.8.8, I get 100% packet loss, even though I'm connected to my phone hotspot.
Additionally, I can't access hotspot settings on my phone, without the settings app crashing :(
Ahh, på den måde - det giver mening :)